• The glucocorticoid GR complex exerts wide spread

  2022-04-01

  

  The glucocorticoid-GR complex exerts wide-spread cellular effects through two distinct mechanisms categorized as genomic and non-genomic pathways [3,39]. Most non-genomic pathways originate from activation of mGR [40]. These actions of the GR appear to all play an important role in the regulation o

• In this review we will highlight how the

  2022-04-01

  

  In this review we will highlight how the functional impact of GABA receptors activation in thalamic neurons far exceeds the traditional “shunting” effect and shapes the whole thalamic network excitability. We will show how GABA released during either tonic or burst firing of GABAergic thalamic neuro

• br Results The RAS MEK ERK pathway

  2022-04-01

  

  Results The RAS/MEK/ERK pathway is a potential target of FGFR signaling. Indicative for its activation is the presence of double phosphorylated (activated) ERK (dpERK), which is generated in a series of phosphorylation events downstream of FGFR (op. cit. (Lemmon and Schlessinger, 2010)). Followin

• Our previous study had shown that silencing

  2022-04-01

  

  Our previous study had shown that silencing FFAR1 expression weakened the action of PIO in increasing insulin secretion in lipotoxic β cmk [6]. Resent research found that PIO promoted insulin secretion by upregulating FFAR1 [17]. Therefore, we presumed that FFAR1 may be involved in the anti-lipoapop

• br Conclusions Osteoclcastogenesis is regulated by

  2022-04-01

  

  Conclusions Osteoclcastogenesis is regulated by multiple signal transduction pathways. To maintain bone homeostasis, osteoclast cells must achieve a balance regulation of formation, function, and trafficking of its precursors. Here, we proposed a model in which crosstalk between Fas and S1P/S1P1

• Next we aimed to investigate if

  2022-04-01

  

  Next, we aimed to investigate if the cardiac apoptosis induced by CO-HFD, LA, T1DM or hyperglycemia involves up-regulation and activation of Fas/FasL-mediated cell death and if such effects are mediated by ROS and/or Ca+2/calcineurin/NFAT signaling axis. Similar to previous reports, [8], [9], [10],

• MMV s distinct mode of

  2022-04-01

  

  MMV019313's distinct mode of inhibition addresses key impediments in the development of PfFPPS/GGPPS inhibitors as antimalarial drugs. First, it is the first non-bisphosphonate inhibitor of Plasmodium FPPS/GGPPS with drug-like physicochemical properties satisfying the “Rule of 5” (Van Voorhis et al.

• br Introduction Atrial fibrillation is

  2022-04-01

  

  Introduction Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia (Benjamin et al., 1998). Pulmonary vein (PV) sleeves contain a mixture of working myocardium and potential arrhythmogenic pacemaker Sephin1 behaving as an ectopic trigger of atrial fibrillation (Haissaguerre et al., 1998, Che

• MS275 Last we demonstrate that the

  2022-04-01

  

  Last, we demonstrate that the role of EZH2 as a transcriptional activator, with AR being a key target, coexists with its conventional catalytic role in gene repression and plays important oncogenic functions in AR-driven PCa (Figure 7F). Enzymatic EZH2 inhibitors such as EPZ and GSK126, although eff

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Guanosine cyclic

  2022-03-31

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) is a signaling molecule with key roles in diverse (patho) physiological responses and processes in numerous prokaryotes and all eukaryotes. The number of reports stating the role of cGMP in different processes in plants i

• br Acknowledgements This work was supported by

  2022-03-31

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported by a grant from the BBSRC (BB/D011809/1) to GJL and The Royal Society to SHS (Uf090321). SIM and AH were the recipients of scholarships from HEC Pakistan. Introduction Iron (Fe) is the fourth most abundant element in the earth’s crust. However, Fe is o

• The PI K PTEN Akt mTORC GSK pathway also

  2022-03-31

  

  The PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTORC1/GSK-3 pathway also plays key roles in metabolism, obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (, , , , ). Sometimes such clinical problems such as diabetes, obesity and metabolic disorders are interlinked with cancer. Clearly further elucidation of the roles of GSK-3 could

• BMI1 inhibitor A similar symbiotic relationship has been rep

  2022-03-31

  

  A similar symbiotic relationship has been reported in the brain, where increased gradients of lactate secreted by astrocytes enables neurons to import and use this nutrient, a process referred to the ‘neuron–astrocyte lactate shuttle’ [16]. Similarly, lactate-based metabolic coupling established by

• The ability of FFA to elevate intracellular levels of Ca

  2022-03-31

  

  The ability of FFA4 to elevate intracellular levels of Ca2+5, 38, 39, 40 provided early predictions of a key role of the phosphoinositidase C-linked G proteins Gq and/or G11 in transduction of signals from this receptor, while later studies that examined production of inositol phosphates [41] provid

• A subsequent modeling study by a different group was based

  2022-03-31

  

  A subsequent modeling study by a different group was based on the bovine rhodopsin homology model using the 1L9H construct [38]. However, the site-directed mutagenesis data and docking suggested that the niacin-binding pocket is different to that described in the aforementioned report, but similar t

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